feat: add disk-deploy core, disk image builder, and installer

- deploy-disk.sh: the shared "write a finished system to a disk" step —
  partition (GPT bios/efi) -> btrfs layout via btrfs/init.sh -> rsync
  rootfs -> chroot (real fstab, GRUB, hostname). Carries the optional
  ARCLINE_SIGN hook; the signing tooling itself lands in a later commit.
- apply-fstab.sh: renders the edition fstab template with real root/efi
  UUIDs and drops the swap line.
- build-image.sh: rootfs -> bootable qcow2/raw disk image (sparse file +
  loop device + deploy), the cloud edition's primary output.
- install.sh: scripted installer for a real disk, confirmation-gated.
- Makefile: image-<edition> targets (+ minimal variants); build-edition.sh
  learns the "image" stage; cloud metadata now ships a disk image.
- check-host-deps.sh / GitLab CI: add gdisk, parted, rsync, dosfstools,
  qemu-utils, dpkg, sbsigntool to the build image.

Makefile

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ export TOOLCHAIN_REPO
 ROOT := $(CURDIR)
 EDITION := $(filter-out $@,$(MAKECMDGOALS))
 
-.PHONY: help deps check toolchain test clean
+.PHONY: help deps check toolchain vendor test clean
 
 # ── help ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 help:
@@ -45,9 +45,11 @@ help:
 	@echo "  make check                Validate manifests + shell syntax"
 	@echo "  make rootfs-<edition>     Build rootfs  (server|workstation|cloud)"
 	@echo "  make iso-<edition>        Build ISO     (server|workstation|cloud)"
+	@echo "  make image-<edition>      Build disk image (qcow2; cloud edition)"
 	@echo "  make iso                   Build ISO for every edition"
 	@echo "  make iso-<edition>-minimal Build ISO WITHOUT the Arcline toolchain"
 	@echo "  make toolchain            Build the 11 Go tools into .deb"
+	@echo "  make vendor               Build grafana/loki/promtail .debs"
 	@echo "  make test                 Run smoke tests against a built image"
 	@echo "  make clean                Remove build/ artifacts"
 	@echo
@@ -70,19 +72,25 @@ check:
 #   require         fail if no .deb files are available
 # The *-minimal targets are a shortcut for ARCLINE_TOOLCHAIN=skip.
 define ISO_RULE
-.PHONY: rootfs-$(1) iso-$(1) clean-$(1) rootfs-$(1)-minimal iso-$(1)-minimal
+.PHONY: rootfs-$(1) iso-$(1) image-$(1) clean-$(1) rootfs-$(1)-minimal iso-$(1)-minimal image-$(1)-minimal
 rootfs-$(1):
 	@./scripts/build-edition.sh $(1) rootfs
 
 iso-$(1):
 	@./scripts/build-edition.sh $(1) iso
 
+image-$(1):
+	@./scripts/build-edition.sh $(1) image
+
 rootfs-$(1)-minimal:
 	@ARCLINE_TOOLCHAIN=skip ./scripts/build-edition.sh $(1) rootfs
 
 iso-$(1)-minimal:
 	@ARCLINE_TOOLCHAIN=skip ./scripts/build-edition.sh $(1) iso
 
+image-$(1)-minimal:
+	@ARCLINE_TOOLCHAIN=skip ./scripts/build-edition.sh $(1) image
+
 clean-$(1):
 	@rm -rf "$(ROOTFS_DIR)/$(1)" "$(IMAGE_DIR)/$(1)"
 endef
@@ -94,6 +102,10 @@ iso: $(foreach e,$(EDITIONS),iso-$(e))
 toolchain:
 	@./toolchain/build-tools.sh
 
+# ── vendor packaging (grafana / loki / promtail) ────────────────────────────
+vendor:
+	@./toolchain/build-vendor.sh
+
 # ── tests ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 test:
 	@./tests/run-tests.sh

ci/.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ validate:
   image: debian:bookworm
   before_script:
     - apt-get update -qq
-    - apt-get install -y -qq debootstrap squashfs-tools grub2-common xorriso cpio curl git make bash
+    - apt-get install -y -qq debootstrap squashfs-tools grub2-common xorriso cpio curl git make bash gdisk parted rsync dosfstools qemu-utils unzip dpkg openssl sbsigntool
   script:
-    - make iso-${EDITION}
+    - make ${TARGET:-iso}-${EDITION}
   artifacts:
     name: "arcline-${EDITION}-${VERSION}"
     paths:
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ build-cloud:
   extends: .build
   variables:
     EDITION: cloud
+    TARGET: image          # cloud edition ships as a qcow2 disk image
 
 # ── test ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 test:

editions/cloud/metadata.yaml

@@ -9,10 +9,11 @@ description: >
   network stack. Same hardening baseline as server.
 
 image:
-  type: iso
+  type: disk            # cloud edition ships as a bootable qcow2/raw disk image
-  boot: bios+efi
+  boot: bios             # primary boot mode (UEFI via --boot efi)
   filesystem: btrfs
   compression: zstd:3
+  default_size: 4G
 
 packages:
   extra_repos: []

scripts/apply-fstab.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Arcline OS — write a real /etc/fstab from an edition template
+#
+#   scripts/apply-fstab.sh <target-root> <edition> <root-uuid> [efi-uuid]
+#
+# Renders editions/<edition>/fstab with the real root partition UUID, drops
+# the template's swapfile line (no swap is created during deploy), and — in
+# EFI installs — appends the EFI system partition mount.
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+set -euo pipefail
+source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/common.sh"
+
+TARGET="${1:?usage: apply-fstab.sh <target-root> <edition> <root-uuid> [efi-uuid]}"
+EDITION="${2:?usage: apply-fstab.sh <target-root> <edition> <root-uuid> [efi-uuid]}"
+ROOT_UUID="${3:?usage: apply-fstab.sh <target-root> <edition> <root-uuid> [efi-uuid]}"
+EFI_UUID="${4:-}"
+
+validate_edition "$EDITION"
+[[ -d "$TARGET" ]] || die "target '$TARGET' does not exist"
+
+EDIR="$(edition_dir "$EDITION")"
+tmp="$(mktemp)"
+trap 'rm -f "$tmp" "$tmp.clean"' EXIT
+
+# template → real fstab; remove the swapfile line + its comment (no swap created on deploy)
+sed "s/__ROOT_UUID__/$ROOT_UUID/g" "$EDIR/fstab" | grep -v -E '(swapfile|^[[:space:]]*#.*swap)' > "$tmp.clean"
+
+if [[ -n "$EFI_UUID" ]]; then
+  printf 'UUID=%s  /boot/efi  vfat  umask=0077  0  1\n' "$EFI_UUID" >> "$tmp.clean"
+fi
+
+install -Dm0644 "$tmp.clean" "$TARGET/etc/fstab"
+log "wrote $TARGET/etc/fstab (root UUID $ROOT_UUID${EFI_UUID:+, efi UUID $EFI_UUID})"

scripts/build-edition.sh

@@ -21,7 +21,10 @@ case "$STAGE" in
   iso)
     "$ROOT/scripts/build-iso.sh" "$EDITION"
     ;;
+  image)
+    "$ROOT/scripts/build-image.sh" "$EDITION"
+    ;;
   *)
-    die "unknown stage '$STAGE' (expected: rootfs | iso)"
+    die "unknown stage '$STAGE' (expected: rootfs | iso | image)"
     ;;
 esac

scripts/build-image.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Arcline OS — disk image builder (qcow2 / raw)
+#
+#   scripts/build-image.sh <edition> [--format qcow2|raw] [--size 4G] [--boot bios|efi]
+#
+# Produces a bootable disk image (the cloud edition's real output — and useful
+# for testing server/workstation locally in a VM):
+#
+#   1. ensure the rootfs exists (build it if needed)
+#   2. create a sparse raw file, attach a loop device
+#   3. deploy-disk.sh writes the finished system (btrfs layout + GRUB + fstab)
+#   4. optionally qemu-img convert to qcow2
+#   5. artifact → build/artifacts/arcline-<edition>-<version>-<arch>.<ext> + sha256
+#
+# Requires root (for the loop device + deploy step).
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+set -euo pipefail
+source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/common.sh"
+
+EDITION="${1:?usage: build-image.sh <edition> [--format qcow2|raw] [--size 4G] [--boot bios|efi]}"
+FORMAT="qcow2"
+SIZE="4G"
+BOOT="bios"
+
+shift || true
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+  case "$1" in
+    --format) FORMAT="${2:?}"; shift 2 ;;
+    --size)   SIZE="${2:?}";   shift 2 ;;
+    --boot)   BOOT="${2:?}";   shift 2 ;;
+    *) die "unknown option '$1'" ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+validate_edition "$EDITION"
+[[ "$FORMAT" == "qcow2" || "$FORMAT" == "raw" ]] || die "--format must be qcow2|raw"
+[[ "$BOOT" == "bios" || "$BOOT" == "efi" ]]    || die "--boot must be bios|efi"
+require_root "$0" "$@"
+
+command -v qemu-img >/dev/null || die "missing 'qemu-img' (package: qemu-utils)"
+command -v losetup >/dev/null  || die "missing 'losetup' (package: util-linux)"
+
+ROOTFS="$ROOTFS_DIR/$EDITION"
+RAW="$IMAGE_DIR/$EDITION/arcline-$EDITION-$VERSION-$ARCH.raw"
+EXT="$FORMAT"
+ARTIFACT="$ARTIFACT_DIR/arcline-$EDITION-$VERSION-$ARCH.$EXT"
+
+mkdir -p "$IMAGE_DIR/$EDITION" "$ARTIFACT_DIR"
+rm -f "$RAW" "$ARTIFACT" "$ARTIFACT.sha256"
+
+# ── 1. rootfs ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+if [[ ! -d "$ROOTFS" ]]; then
+  log "rootfs missing — building it first"
+  "$ROOT/scripts/build-rootfs.sh" "$EDITION"
+fi
+
+# ── 2. sparse raw file + loop device ────────────────────────────────────────
+log "creating ${SIZE} sparse image (edition $EDITION, $BOOT boot)"
+truncate -s "$SIZE" "$RAW"
+LOOP="$(losetup --find --show --partscan "$RAW")"
+cleanup() { losetup -d "$LOOP" 2>/dev/null || true; }
+trap cleanup EXIT
+log "attached loop device: $LOOP"
+
+# ── 3. deploy ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+"$ROOT/scripts/deploy-disk.sh" "$LOOP" "$ROOTFS" "$EDITION" --boot "$BOOT"
+
+# ── 4. convert ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+losetup -d "$LOOP"
+trap - EXIT
+
+if [[ "$FORMAT" == "qcow2" ]]; then
+  log "converting to qcow2"
+  qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 "$RAW" "$ARTIFACT"
+  rm -f "$RAW"
+else
+  mv "$RAW" "$ARTIFACT"
+fi
+
+log "image artifact: $ARTIFACT"
+sha256sum "$ARTIFACT" | tee "$ARTIFACT.sha256"

scripts/check-host-deps.sh

@@ -18,6 +18,19 @@ NEEDED=(
   "xorriso|xorriso"
   "cpio|cpio"
   "bash|bash"
+  # disk images / installer
+  "sgdisk|gdisk"
+  "partprobe|parted"
+  "rsync|rsync"
+  "mkfs.vfat|dosfstools"
+  "qemu-img|qemu-utils"
+  "losetup|util-linux"
+  # vendor packaging + secure boot
+  "unzip|unzip"
+  "dpkg-deb|dpkg"
+  "openssl|openssl"
+  "sbsign|sbsigntool"
+  "sbverify|sbsigntool"
 )
 
 MISSING=()

scripts/deploy-disk.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Arcline OS — deploy a rootfs to a disk
+#
+#   scripts/deploy-disk.sh <device> <rootfs> <edition> [--boot bios|efi]
+#
+# The shared "write a finished Arcline system to a block device" step, used by
+# both the disk image builder (scripts/build-image.sh) and the scripted
+# installer (scripts/install.sh):
+#
+#   1. partition the device (GPT):
+#        bios:  [1M BIOS boot] + [btrfs root]
+#        efi:   [512M EFI]     + [btrfs root]
+#   2. mkfs.btrfs + btrfs/init.sh → @, @home, @log, @snapshots
+#   3. rsync the rootfs into @
+#   4. chroot: write real /etc/fstab (real UUIDs), install GRUB, update-grub
+#
+# DANGER: this wipes <device>. There is no confirmation — the callers are
+# responsible for safety (build-image.sh always uses a throwaway loop device;
+# install.sh asks for explicit confirmation).
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+set -euo pipefail
+source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/common.sh"
+
+DEV="${1:?usage: deploy-disk.sh <device> <rootfs> <edition> [--boot bios|efi]}"
+ROOTFS="${2:?usage: deploy-disk.sh <device> <rootfs> <edition> [--boot bios|efi]}"
+EDITION="${3:?usage: deploy-disk.sh <device> <rootfs> <edition> [--boot bios|efi]}"
+BOOT="${4:-bios}"
+
+require_root "$0" "$@"
+validate_edition "$EDITION"
+[[ "$BOOT" == "bios" || "$BOOT" == "efi" ]] || die "--boot must be bios|efi (got '$BOOT')"
+[[ -d "$ROOTFS" ]] || die "rootfs '$ROOTFS' does not exist (build it first: make rootfs-$EDITION)"
+[[ -e "$DEV" ]]    || die "device '$DEV' does not exist"
+
+for tool in sgdisk mkfs.btrfs rsync; do
+  command -v "$tool" >/dev/null || die "missing host tool '$tool' (run: scripts/check-host-deps.sh --install)"
+done
+[[ "$BOOT" == "efi" ]] && { command -v mkfs.vfat >/dev/null || die "missing 'mkfs.vfat' (package: dosfstools)"; }
+
+# device + partition naming: /dev/sda → /dev/sda1, /dev/nvme0n1 → /dev/nvme0n1p1, /dev/loop0 → /dev/loop0p1
+part_of() {
+  if [[ "$1" =~ [0-9]$ ]]; then printf '%sp%s' "$1" "$2"; else printf '%s%s' "$1" "$2"; fi
+}
+
+MNT="$(mktemp -d /run/arcline-deploy.XXXXXX)"
+cleanup() {
+  umount -R "$MNT" 2>/dev/null || true
+  rmdir "$MNT" 2>/dev/null || true
+}
+trap cleanup EXIT
+
+# ── 1. partition ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+log "wiping and partitioning $DEV ($BOOT boot)"
+wipefs -a "$DEV" >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+sgdisk --zap-all "$DEV" >/dev/null
+case "$BOOT" in
+  bios)
+    sgdisk -n 1:0:+1M   -t 1:ef02 -c 1:"BIOS boot" "$DEV" >/dev/null
+    sgdisk -n 2:0:0     -t 2:8300 -c 2:"Arcline root" "$DEV" >/dev/null
+    ROOT_PART="$(part_of "$DEV" 2)"
+    EFI_PART=""
+    ;;
+  efi)
+    sgdisk -n 1:0:+512M -t 1:ef00 -c 1:"EFI System" "$DEV" >/dev/null
+    sgdisk -n 2:0:0     -t 2:8300 -c 2:"Arcline root" "$DEV" >/dev/null
+    ROOT_PART="$(part_of "$DEV" 2)"
+    EFI_PART="$(part_of "$DEV" 1)"
+    ;;
+esac
+partprobe "$DEV" 2>/dev/null || udevadm settle
+sleep 1
+[[ -b "$ROOT_PART" ]] || die "root partition $ROOT_PART did not appear"
+
+# ── 2. filesystems + btrfs layout ───────────────────────────────────────────
+log "formatting root partition $ROOT_PART (btrfs)"
+mkfs.btrfs -f -L arcline-root "$ROOT_PART" >/dev/null
+"$ROOT/btrfs/init.sh" "$ROOT_PART"
+if [[ -n "$EFI_PART" ]]; then
+  log "formatting EFI partition $EFI_PART (vfat)"
+  mkfs.vfat -F32 -n ARCLINE-EFI "$EFI_PART" >/dev/null
+fi
+
+ROOT_UUID="$(blkid -s UUID -o value "$ROOT_PART")"
+EFI_UUID=""
+[[ -n "$EFI_PART" ]] && EFI_UUID="$(blkid -s UUID -o value "$EFI_PART")"
+
+# ── 3. mount subvolumes + copy rootfs ───────────────────────────────────────
+log "mounting subvolumes and copying rootfs (this takes a while)"
+mkdir -p "$MNT/root"
+mount -o subvol=@,compress=zstd:3 "$ROOT_PART" "$MNT/root"
+mkdir -p "$MNT/root/home" "$MNT/root/var/log" "$MNT/root/.snapshots"
+mount -o subvol=@home,compress=zstd:3      "$ROOT_PART" "$MNT/root/home"
+mount -o subvol=@log,compress=zstd:3       "$ROOT_PART" "$MNT/root/var/log"
+mount -o subvol=@snapshots,compress=zstd:3 "$ROOT_PART" "$MNT/root/.snapshots"
+if [[ -n "$EFI_PART" ]]; then
+  mkdir -p "$MNT/root/boot/efi"
+  mount "$EFI_PART" "$MNT/root/boot/efi"
+fi
+
+rsync -aHAX --numeric-ids \
+  --exclude='/proc/*' --exclude='/sys/*' --exclude='/dev/*' \
+  --exclude='/run/*' --exclude='/tmp/*' --exclude='/boot/grub/grub.cfg' \
+  "$ROOTFS/" "$MNT/root/"
+
+# ── 4. chroot: fstab + grub + hostname ──────────────────────────────────────
+log "configuring system in chroot"
+mount --bind /dev "$MNT/root/dev"
+mount --bind /proc "$MNT/root/proc"
+mount --bind /sys "$MNT/root/sys"
+
+# /etc/fstab from the edition template, with real UUIDs (swap line dropped;
+# add a swapfile later if you want one — btrfs swapfiles need nocow).
+"$ROOT/scripts/apply-fstab.sh" "$MNT/root" "$EDITION" "$ROOT_UUID" "$EFI_UUID"
+
+chroot "$MNT/root" /bin/bash -c '
+set -e
+case "$1" in
+  bios) grub-install --target=i386-pc --recheck "$0" ;;
+  efi)  grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=arcline --recheck ;;
+esac
+update-grub
+' "$DEV" "$BOOT"
+
+# ── secure boot (optional: ARCLINE_SIGN=1 + a MOK keypair) ──────────────────
+if [[ "${ARCLINE_SIGN:-0}" == "1" ]]; then
+  log "secure boot: shipping MOK and signing installed boot chain"
+  [[ -f "$BUILD_DIR/keys/MOK.der" ]] || die "ARCLINE_SIGN=1 but no MOK keypair — run: scripts/secureboot/gen-keys.sh"
+  mkdir -p "$MNT/root/etc/arcline"
+  cp "$BUILD_DIR/keys/MOK.der" "$MNT/root/etc/arcline/MOK.der"
+  "$ROOT/scripts/secureboot/sign-image.sh" "$MNT/root" --keydir "$BUILD_DIR/keys"
+fi
+
+if [[ "$EDITION" != "cloud" ]]; then
+  echo "$RELEASE_NAME" > "$MNT/root/etc/hostname"
+fi
+
+log "deploy complete: $DEV is a bootable $EDITION ($BOOT) system"
+log "root UUID: $ROOT_UUID"

scripts/install.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Arcline OS — scripted installer
+#
+#   scripts/install.sh <device> [--edition server] [--boot bios|efi]
+#       [--rootfs <dir> | --image <rootfs.tar.xz>]
+#
+# Installs an Arcline OS rootfs onto a real disk:
+#
+#   sudo scripts/install.sh /dev/sda --edition server
+#   sudo scripts/install.sh /dev/nvme0n1 --edition cloud --image build/artifacts/arcline-cloud-0.1.0-amd64.tar.xz
+#
+# WARNING: this WIPES <device>. You are asked to confirm the exact device path
+# before anything is written.
+# ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+set -euo pipefail
+source "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/common.sh"
+
+DEV="${1:?usage: install.sh <device> [--edition server] [--boot bios|efi] [--rootfs <dir>|--image <tar.xz>]}"
+EDITION="server"
+BOOT="bios"
+ROOTFS_SRC=""
+
+shift || true
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+  case "$1" in
+    --edition) EDITION="${2:?}"; shift 2 ;;
+    --boot)    BOOT="${2:?}";    shift 2 ;;
+    --rootfs)  ROOTFS_SRC="${2:?}"; shift 2 ;;
+    --image)   ROOTFS_SRC="${2:?}"; shift 2 ;;
+    *) die "unknown option '$1'" ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+require_root "$0" "$@"
+validate_edition "$EDITION"
+[[ "$BOOT" == "bios" || "$BOOT" == "efi" ]] || die "--boot must be bios|efi"
+[[ -b "$DEV" ]] || die "'$DEV' is not a block device — refusing to install"
+
+# ── resolve rootfs (dir or tarball) ─────────────────────────────────────────
+TMPROOT=""
+if [[ -n "$ROOTFS_SRC" ]]; then
+  if [[ -d "$ROOTFS_SRC" ]]; then
+    ROOTFS="$ROOTFS_SRC"
+  elif [[ -f "$ROOTFS_SRC" ]]; then
+    TMPROOT="$(mktemp -d /run/arcline-install.XXXXXX)"
+    log "extracting rootfs image: $ROOTFS_SRC"
+    tar -xJf "$ROOTFS_SRC" -C "$TMPROOT"
+    ROOTFS="$TMPROOT"
+  else
+    die "rootfs source '$ROOTFS_SRC' not found"
+  fi
+else
+  ROOTFS="$ROOTFS_DIR/$EDITION"
+  [[ -d "$ROOTFS" ]] || die "no rootfs for '$EDITION' at $ROOTFS (build it: make rootfs-$EDITION, or pass --rootfs/--image)"
+fi
+trap '[[ -n "$TMPROOT" ]] && { rm -rf "$TMPROOT"; }' EXIT
+
+# ── safety confirmation ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+echo
+echo "Arcline OS installer"
+echo "  target device : $DEV"
+echo "  edition       : $EDITION"
+echo "  boot          : $BOOT"
+echo
+echo "!!! ALL DATA ON $DEV WILL BE DESTROYED !!!"
+read -r -p "Type the device path to confirm ($DEV): " CONFIRM
+[[ "$CONFIRM" == "$DEV" ]] || die "confirmation mismatch — aborting"
+
+"$ROOT/scripts/deploy-disk.sh" "$DEV" "$ROOTFS" "$EDITION" --boot "$BOOT"
+
+echo
+log "install complete. Remove the installation media and reboot."
+log "After reboot: set a root password and enroll your ssh key"
+log "  sudo passwd root"